Geomagnetic index · R1–R5
NOAA R-Scale (Radio Blackouts)
NOAA's five-level scale for radio blackouts caused by solar-flare X-rays ionising the dayside upper atmosphere, from R1 (minor) to R5 (extreme).
Environment & effects
Related:Solar Flare
Knowledge connections
- Associated withSolar Flare
- Associated withSolar Flare
- Associated withThe Ionosphere
- Associated withGPS & Navigation
- Associated withAviation
- Associated withRadio Communications
Sources
The primary and reference sources this topic draws on.
- NOAA Solar CalculatorNOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory
Public-domain solar-position geometry: sunrise, sunset, solar noon, twilight, declination, and the equation of time.
Public domain (US Government work).