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Operational impact · Communications

Radio Communications

The X-rays from a solar flare suddenly increase the ionisation of the day-side ionosphere, absorbing high-frequency radio waves and causing radio blackouts across the sunlit Earth — the effect measured by NOAA's R-scale.

Across space weather

Knowledge connections

Sources

The primary and reference sources this topic draws on.

  • NOAA SWPCNOAA Space Weather Prediction Center

    Space-weather forecasts and alerts: aurora (OVATION), the Kp index, and the G1–G5 geomagnetic storm scale.