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Loading contentThe outer third of the solar interior, where energy is carried by convection — hot plasma rises, cools, and sinks, like a pot of boiling water. This churning is visible at the surface as granulation and drives the magnetic activity of the Sun. It sits above the tachocline and below the photosphere.
Facts on this topic will be cited from these primary and reference sources.
Mission data, planetary science, space telescopes, and public-domain imagery.
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