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Atmosphere concept

Atmospheric Metallicity & C/O Ratio

The enrichment of an atmosphere in elements heavier than hydrogen and helium, and the ratio of carbon to oxygen within it. These quantities are more than bookkeeping: because different ices and gases condense at different distances in the disk, a planet's measured metallicity and C/O ratio carry a fingerprint of where and how it formed.

Highlights

  • A composition fingerprint of where a planet formed

Across exoplanet science

Knowledge connections

Sources

The primary and reference sources this topic draws on.

  • NASANational Aeronautics and Space Administration

    Mission data, planetary science, space telescopes, and public-domain imagery.

    Most NASA-produced imagery is in the public domain; individual items are checked for usage terms before publication.