Cosmological Models

How we classify scientific consensus

Every topic in this encyclopedia is labelled by how well established it is. Established science, strong evidence, active research, scientific debate, and speculation are kept distinct — never conflated.

• Established Science
  Observationally confirmed and consistent across all leading models.
• Strong Evidence
  Strongly supported by multiple independent observations; some details remain open.
• Active Research
  A leading paradigm or an area of intense study, not yet definitively settled.
• Scientific Debate
  Competing interpretations of the current evidence, with no consensus yet.
• Speculative Hypothesis
  A theoretical possibility with limited or no direct observational support.