42 Orionis
Scientific overview
42 Orionis is a blue giant in the constellation Orion (Orionis), lying about 883.9 light-years from Earth.
Class B. Hot, blue-white stars. Massive and luminous, they often light up the regions where they form. Such stars have surface temperatures around 10,000–30,000 K and appear blue-white to the eye.
Physical properties
| Spectral type | B2III... |
| Luminosity class | III |
| Apparent magnitude | 4.58 |
| Absolute magnitude | -2.58 |
| Luminosity (Sun = 1) | 942 |
| Colour index (B−V) | -0.183 |
| Distance | 883.9 ly (271 pc) |
Values are real catalogue data; fields without a reliable value are omitted, never estimated.
Precision measurements
Astrometry and astrophysics from SIMBAD and Gaia DR3 · Gaia DR3 3209572852067563392 · elevated RUWE
| Parallax | 6.5163 ± 1.5234 mas | SIMBAD · measured |
| Distance | 196.6 pc | Gaia · estimated |
| Proper motion (RA) | -4.124 mas/yr | SIMBAD · measured |
| Proper motion (Dec) | -1.974 mas/yr | SIMBAD · measured |
| Radial velocity | 47.1 ± 3 km/s | SIMBAD · measured |
| Spectral type | B1V+? | SIMBAD · catalogued |
| Effective temperature | 26935.4 K | Gaia · modeled |
| Radius | 6.9826 R_sun | Gaia · modeled |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 3.8166 log(cm/s^2) | Gaia · modeled |
| Metallicity [M/H] | -0.9203 dex | Gaia · modeled |
| Right ascension (ICRS) | 83.8465 deg | SIMBAD · measured |
| Declination (ICRS) | -4.8383 deg | SIMBAD · measured |
Full field-level provenance
- Parallax: Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg (CDS) · SIMBAD · basic · plx_value · 2020yCat.1350....0G · direct catalogue measurement · retrieved 2026-07-11
- Distance: ESA Gaia astrometric survey · Gaia EDR3 · Bailer-Jones (2021) · external.gaiaedr3_distance · r_med_geo · row 3209572852067563392 · Bayesian estimate · retrieved 2026-07-11
- Proper motion (RA): Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg (CDS) · SIMBAD · basic · pmra · 2020yCat.1350....0G · direct catalogue measurement · retrieved 2026-07-11
- Proper motion (Dec): Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg (CDS) · SIMBAD · basic · pmdec · 2020yCat.1350....0G · direct catalogue measurement · retrieved 2026-07-11
- Radial velocity: Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg (CDS) · SIMBAD · basic · rvz_radvel · 1970ApJS...19..387A · direct catalogue measurement · retrieved 2026-07-11
- Spectral type: Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg (CDS) · SIMBAD · basic · sp_type · 2020A&A...639A..81B · catalogue identifier/value · retrieved 2026-07-11
- Effective temperature: ESA Gaia astrometric survey · Gaia DR3 · gaiadr3.astrophysical_parameters · teff_gspphot · row 3209572852067563392 · model output · retrieved 2026-07-11
- Radius: ESA Gaia astrometric survey · Gaia DR3 · gaiadr3.astrophysical_parameters · radius_gspphot · row 3209572852067563392 · model output · retrieved 2026-07-11
- Surface gravity (log g): ESA Gaia astrometric survey · Gaia DR3 · gaiadr3.astrophysical_parameters · logg_gspphot · row 3209572852067563392 · model output · retrieved 2026-07-11
- Metallicity [M/H]: ESA Gaia astrometric survey · Gaia DR3 · gaiadr3.astrophysical_parameters · mh_gspphot · row 3209572852067563392 · model output · retrieved 2026-07-11
- Right ascension (ICRS): Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg (CDS) · SIMBAD · basic · ra · 2020yCat.1350....0G · direct catalogue measurement · retrieved 2026-07-11
- Declination (ICRS): Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg (CDS) · SIMBAD · basic · dec · 2020yCat.1350....0G · direct catalogue measurement · retrieved 2026-07-11
measured = direct catalogue value · estimated = Bayesian inference (Bailer-Jones distance) · modeled = model output (Gaia GSP-Phot). Fields a source did not provide are omitted, never invented.
Evolution
A blue giant is a hot, massive, highly luminous star that has evolved off the main sequence. Such stars are short-lived on cosmic timescales.
Location in the sky
Knowledge connections
- In constellationOrion
Related stars in Orion
Sources
The primary and reference sources this topic draws on.
- HYG DatabaseHYG Database (Hipparcos + Yale Bright Star + Gliese), by D. Nash / astronexus
Aggregated, openly-licensed star catalogue combining Hipparcos, the Yale Bright Star Catalogue, and the Gliese Catalogue of Nearby Stars.
- HipparcosESA Hipparcos space astrometry mission
High-precision parallax, magnitude, and position for ~118,000 stars.