Skip to content
AsteriaStar
Solar cycle

The Butterfly Diagram

A plot of the latitudes at which sunspots appear over time, first drawn by the Maunders. Across each roughly eleven-year cycle, spots emerge first at mid-latitudes and then closer to the equator, so successive cycles trace wing-shaped patterns. It is the clearest visual summary of the solar activity cycle.

Highlights

  • Sunspot latitudes drift equatorward each cycle

Knowledge connections

Sources

The primary and reference sources this topic draws on.

  • NASANational Aeronautics and Space Administration

    Mission data, planetary science, space telescopes, and public-domain imagery.

    Most NASA-produced imagery is in the public domain; individual items are checked for usage terms before publication.