Moon
Europa
- Type
- Moon
- Diameter
- 3,122 km
Image data: NASA/JPL-Caltech/SwRI/MSSS Image processing: Brian Swift CC BY 3.0 · NASA media (public domain)
Overview
Scientific overview
Europa is a moon orbiting Jupiter.
Physical characteristics
- Mass
- 0.048 ×10²⁴ kg
- Diameter
- 3,122 km
- Radius
- 1,560.8 km
- Density
- 3.013 g/cm³
- Surface gravity
- 1.31 m/s² · derived
- Escape velocity
- 2.0 km/s · derived
- Albedo
- 0.67
- Magnitude
- 5.29
Derived values
Computed from source-backed inputs via standard formulae — not observations. Every input and constant is traced below.
- Escape velocity2.0 km/sderived
Formula & inputs
Formula: v = √(2GM / r) (v1.0.0, impl v1.0.0)
Inputs:
- mass1e24Kg = 0.04799 ×10²⁴ kg · NASA
- radiusKm = 1560.8 km · NASA
Assumptions: G = 6.674e-11 m³ kg⁻¹ s⁻² (CODATA 2018)
Limitations: Assumes a spherical, non-rotating body.; Inputs carry no catalogued uncertainty, so none is propagated.
Uncertainty: not propagated (inputs carry no catalogued uncertainty)
Computed as of 2026-06-29.
- Surface gravity1.31 m/s²derived
Formula & inputs
Formula: g = GM / r² (v1.0.0, impl v1.0.0)
Inputs:
- mass1e24Kg = 0.04799 ×10²⁴ kg · NASA
- radiusKm = 1560.8 km · NASA
Assumptions: G = 6.674e-11 m³ kg⁻¹ s⁻² (CODATA 2018)
Limitations: Assumes a spherical, non-rotating body.; Inputs carry no catalogued uncertainty, so none is propagated.
Uncertainty: not propagated (inputs carry no catalogued uncertainty)
Computed as of 2026-06-29.
Scale
Compared to Earth
Europa is 4.1× smaller than Earth
3,122 km across · Earth is 12,742 km
Gallery
Simulated View of Thermal Emissions from Europa
This image is a simulation of how NASA's Europa Clipper will understand which areas of the Jovian moon Europa are warm and active by studying the moon's thermal emissions.
2024
NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU/SwRI · NASA media (public domain)
Observation
How this was captured
- Source
- NASA
- Observation date
- 2022-12-14
Sources
The primary and reference sources this topic draws on.
- NASANational Aeronautics and Space Administration
Mission data, planetary science, space telescopes, and public-domain imagery.
Most NASA-produced imagery is in the public domain; individual items are checked for usage terms before publication.
- NASA JPLJet Propulsion Laboratory / Solar System Dynamics
Orbital data, ephemerides, and small-body parameters for planets, asteroids, and comets.
