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Loading contentSpreading light into its spectrum to read the fingerprints of the elements. Spectral lines reveal what an object is made of, how hot it is, how it moves (through the Doppler shift), and the strength of its magnetic fields — the single most powerful tool in astronomy.
Facts on this topic will be cited from these primary and reference sources.
Mission data, planetary science, space telescopes, and public-domain imagery.
Most NASA-produced imagery is in the public domain; individual items are checked for usage terms before publication.