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Loading contentAn instrument that counts and characterises the electrons, ions, and cosmic rays of space plasmas — mapping radiation belts, the solar wind, and energetic-particle events.
The Voyager cosmic-ray detectors, whose measurements of the sudden change in particle counts marked each spacecraft's crossing of the heliopause into interstellar space.
Facts on this topic will be cited from these primary and reference sources.
Mission data, planetary science, space telescopes, and public-domain imagery.
Most NASA-produced imagery is in the public domain; individual items are checked for usage terms before publication.