Detection method

Transit Timing Variations

Detecting planets from the gravitational tug they exert on other transiting planets.

Exoplanets

How it works

In a multi-planet system, planets pull on each other, making transits arrive slightly early or late in a pattern that reveals additional or unseen planets.

Strengths and limitations

Requires a system already known to have transiting planets.

Example exoplanets

Planet	Class	Host	Radius (R⊕)	Period (d)	Distance (ly)
AU Mic dTransit Timing Variations · 2023	Terrestrial planet	AU Mic	1.02	12.736	32
Kepler-122 fTransit Timing Variations · 2014	Super-Earth	Kepler-122	1.75	56.268	3352
Kepler-138 eTransit Timing Variations · 2022	Terrestrial planet	Kepler-138	0.8	38.23	218
Kepler-139 fTransit Timing Variations · 2025	Gas giant	Kepler-139	6.67	355	1276
Kepler-19 cTransit Timing Variations · 2011	Mini-Neptune	Kepler-19	3.68	28.731	713
Kepler-338 eTransit Timing Variations · 2014	Terrestrial planet	Kepler-338	1.56	9.341	1803
Kepler-37 eTransit Timing Variations · 2014	Terrestrial planet	Kepler-37	0.37	51.196	209
Kepler-411 eTransit Timing Variations · 2018	Mini-Neptune	Kepler-411	3.28	31.5097	501
Kepler-416 bTransit Timing Variations · 2014	Mini-Neptune	Kepler-416	2.48	6.319	2253
Kepler-416 cTransit Timing Variations · 2014	Super-Earth	Kepler-416	2.35	12.209	2253
Kepler-46 cTransit Timing Variations · 2012	Gas giant	Kepler-46	13.5	57.011	2535
Kepler-51 eTransit Timing Variations · 2024	Super-Earth	Kepler-51	2.18	264	2557

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