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AsteriaStar
Astrochemical process

Grain-Surface Chemistry

Chemistry that happens on the icy mantles of dust grains, where atoms and molecules land, wander, and meet. It makes molecules the gas phase cannot — water and methanol among them — and is the source of much of space's complex organic chemistry.

Highlights

  • Where the gas phase fails, the ice succeeds

Across astrochemistry

Knowledge connections

Sources

The primary and reference sources this topic draws on.

  • NASANational Aeronautics and Space Administration

    Mission data, planetary science, space telescopes, and public-domain imagery.

    Most NASA-produced imagery is in the public domain; individual items are checked for usage terms before publication.